Pensamiento Sistémico, Complejidad y Modelos de Simulación: Paradigmas para enfrentar los Retos del Siglo XXI
Proponemos que el pensamiento sistémico y el pensamiento complejo son paradigmas adecuados para comprender y enfrentar los problemas retadores de la humanidad y para diseñar abordajes más efectivos, equitativos, éticos y sostenibles. Se describen los llamados “problemas perversos” mostrando la importancia de reconocerlos destacando las razones que los hacen particularmente difíciles de comprender y manejar. Se describen el pensamiento sistémico y el pensamiento complejo y se justifica que para comprender las múltiples dimensiones de los problemas perversos es indispensable el abordaje transdisciplinar. Se enuncian las metodologías utilizadas por las ciencias de la complejidad clasificadas en tres tipos de modelos: 1) cualitativos agregados, 2) cuantitativos agregados, y 3) individuales. Se puntualizan las características más importantes de los modelos de simulación en general, destacando el enfoque sobre el problema de interés. En la conclusión se resaltan factores que deberán tenerse presentes al abordar los problemas más apremiantes de la comunidad.
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